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导 语
出自2018英语四级卷二 Passage one
现如今，家用摄像头已经在一些人群众普及了。那么当家中来了客人，你在不经意间就侵犯了客人的权益。我们该如何应对呢？
食用指南：每周天更新一篇四级/六级/考研真题精读笔记
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首先独立阅读英文原文/ 其次带着问题阅读精读笔记/ 最后完成对应习题并阅读答案解析
原文阅读
1
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they're being recorded while you all watch the big game together?
“It's certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette （礼仪） emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it's not a security issue.”
Post wants to make clear that she's not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferenc. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn't dictate manners.
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it's a host's responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. “I'm always a fan of being open and honest.” For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don't need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor. “If anything does go wrong while they're in the house, they don't want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn't steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”
精读笔记
2
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they're being recorded while you all watch the big game together?
(46)只是一个易拉罐大小、放在书架上且相对没什么害处的小玩意却可能会让朋友对你家敬而远之。这客厅里的大象”(显而易见而又被忽略的事实)就是联网安全摄像头—一个越来越多的人在家中为求心安而使用的设备。但很少有人会停下来思考这些设备可能对来家里的客人产生的影响。比如，朋友在你家一起观看大型比赛时，你会告诉他们说他们都被录下来了吗?
roughly [?r?fl?]adv.approximately but not exactly大约Roughly speaking , we receive about fifty letters a week on the subject.关于这个问题，粗略地说，我们每周能收到大约五十封来信。
gadget [?g?d??t] n. [C] a small tool or device that does sth useful 小器具；小玩意儿 gadget常常用来指各类电子产品
[经济学人] There is little evidence that these gadgets will be any more trustworthy than their desktop counterparts. 没有证据表明这些装置会比桌面电脑更安全可靠。
gadgetry [?g?d??tri] n. [U] a collection of modern tools and devices（统称）小器具；小装置 His desk is covered with electronic gadgetry. 他的书桌上摆满了各种电子装置。
turn sb away (from sth) 把某人拒之门外；不准某人进入
Hundreds of people were turned away from the stadium (= because it was full) .体育场满座，数百人被拒之门外。
They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them away.他们无处安身，所以我不能把他们打发走。
device n. 设备 ，与前文的gadget作同义替换避免重复
for peace of mind 求一份安心
“It's certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to install,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America's foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette （礼仪） emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it's not a security issue.”
(47)“这当然是一个新领域，尤其是现在安装家庭安全摄像头已经不是什么难事了，”艾米丽·波斯特学院院长兼美国首席礼仪顾问利兹·波斯特说道。“我认为，如果不涉及安全问题的话，就是否告诉别人你家安装摄像头了以及客人是否有权要求关掉摄像头而言，会出现什么礼仪问题将会是一件非常有趣的事。”
territory [?ter?t?ri] n.[U]a particular area of experience or knowledge（经验或知识的）领域
The company is moving into unfamiliar territory with this new software.该公司正通过这种新软件进入一个不熟悉的领域。
【类似表达】domain n.[d??me?n] an area of knowledge or activity; especially one that sb is responsible for （知识、活动的）领域，范围，范畴。
The care of older people is being placed firmly within the domain of the family. 照顾老人仍然被确认为是家庭范围的事。Physics used to be very much a male domain. 物理学曾在很大程度上是男人的领域。
install v.安装
installation [??nst??le??n] n. the act of fixing equipment or furniture in position so that it can be used安装；设置Installation of the new system will take several days.新系统的安装需要几天时间。【同源词】
【反义词】uninstall v.to remove a program from a computer 卸载（程序）
Uninstall any programs that you no longer need.将不再需要的程序全部卸载。
【拓展】upload v.上传 download v.下载
foremost manners advisors首席礼仪顾问
foremost adj.the most important or famous; in a position at the front 最重要的；最著名的；首席的，最前的
the world's foremost authority on the subject该学科全世界首屈一指的权威
manner n.礼貌
Kate is easy in conversation and (she is) graceful in manner.凯特谈吐从容，举止优雅。
manner还有另外一个常用意思“方式，方法”The manner in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable.宣布决定的方式非常令人遗憾。
n. +of all kinds 各种类型的... 相当于
all manner of sb/sth 各种各样的人（或事）；形形色色的人（或事）The problem can be solved in all manner of ways. 这个问题可以用各种方法加以解决。
of one sort/kind or another 各种不同的 We’ve got problems of one kind or another.我们有着各种问题。【写作推荐】
etiquette n.the formal rules of correct or polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular profession （社会或行业中的）礼节，礼仪，规矩
This was such a great breach of etiquette, he hardly knew what to do. 这是严重失礼的行为，他几乎手足无措。与前文的manner作同义替换。
Post wants to make clear that she's not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preference. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn't dictate manners.
(48)波斯特想澄清的是，她讨论的不是法律权利，而是个人喜好问题。她还想解释的是，关于这方面的礼仪，目前还没有对错之分，因为这项技术刚刚成为主流。此外，艾米丽·波斯特学院并不对人们的行为举止进行规范。
personal preference 个人喜好
句式：there are no right or wrong answers regarding sth. 关于某事，目前还没有对错之分。
regarding关于；就…而言 We often get complimentary remarks regarding the cleanliness of our patio. 我们经常听人称赞我们的露台非常干净。
concerning 关于…；涉及…In what aspects concerning investment environment in China? 中国的投资环境在哪些方面有了明显的改善？
dictate v. [d?k`tet] If someone dictates to someone else, they tell them what they should do or can do. 命令；发号施令；强行规定
What right has one country to dictate the environmental standards of another? 一个国家有什么权力强行给另一个国家制定环境标准？
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it's a host's responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. “I'm always a fan of being open and honest.” For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
(49)说到安全摄像头，波斯特说，主人有义务保证客人在家里做客时感到舒适。“我一直喜欢开诚布公。例如，主人要是能讲述一件有关于家里摄像头的事儿，漫不经心地承认家里有摄像头，就足以让客人有机会说自己是否觉得不舒服了。
I'm always a fan of being open and honest我一直喜欢开诚布公。
be a fan of sth 喜欢…；是…迷；是…的支持者 比如“我是漫威粉”，可以说I am a (big/huge) fan of Marvel.“我特别喜欢吃火锅”可以说 I am a big/huge fan of hotpot.表达不喜欢，也可以说I’m not a fan of sth.【写作推荐】
opening n.a good opportunity for sb 良机Winning the competition was the opening she needed for her career.在这次比赛中获胜是她未来事业发展的良好开端。
However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don't need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors' favor. “If anything does go wrong while they're in the house, they don't want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn't steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.”
然而，家里要是有承包商在工作，则不需要告诉他们家里有摄像头在监视。(50)此外，摄像头所创造的负责任的氛围对他们也有利。“比如，他们在家里工作时，家里确实出了什么问题，他们也不想因此受到指责，”她说。“事实上，摄像机可以证明那20美元不是他们偷的，桌上的花瓶也不是他们打碎的。”
air n.氛围，气氛，相当于atmosphere
The meal gave the occasion an almost festive air. 这一餐使整个场合有了近乎节日般的喜庆氛围。
accountability对应的形容词accountable，指“有责任的”。
让某人负责既可以说hold sb responsible for sth，也可说hold sb accountable for sth，比如 Chinese authorities are also saying that local officials will be held accountable for not cracking down on companies that don't pay their employees.官方表示，地方官员还应为未追究拖欠民工工资企业负责。
generate v.|?d?en?re?t|to produce or create sth 产生；引起
to generate electricity/heat/power发电；产生热 / 动力
to generate income/profit 产生收益 / 利润
真题
3
46.For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?
A) The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.
B) They don’t want their photos to be circulated on the Internet.
C) The security camera may turn out to be harmful to their health.
D) They may not be willing to interact with your family members.
47.What does Lizzie Post say is new territory?
A) The effect of manners advice on the public.
B) Cost of applying new technologies at home.
C) The increasing use of home security devices.
D) Etiquette around home security cameras.
48. What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?
A) Legal rights.C) Likes and dislikes of individuals.
B)Moral issuesD) The possible impact on manners.
49. What is a host’s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?
A) Making their guests feel at ease.
B) Indicating where they are.
C) Turning them off in time.
D) Ensuring their guests’ privacy.
50. In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home?
A) It can satisfy their curiosity.
B) It can prove their innocence.
C) It can help them learn new technology.
D) It can make their visit more enjoyable.
Victoria
英语专业八级
CATTI二级笔译
雅思7.5
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